康信视点丨关于欧洲单一专利，这些你需要了解！（含福利）

zhichanli

作者 | 翟姝  北京康信知识产权代理有限责任公司
编辑 | 玄袂
欧洲单一专利（Unitary Patent, 简称UP），又称“具备统一效力的欧洲专利；统一专利”，是由欧洲专利局根据《欧洲专利公约》的规则和程序授予的欧洲发明专利。如果你计划申请欧洲专利或正在申请欧洲专利，下面这些内容你一定不要错过。

01

如何获取欧洲单一专利？

众所周知，欧洲专利申请需要在欧洲专利局EPO提交申请，经过公布，检索，审查，最终在欧洲专利局EPO 获取授权。但是EPO作为一个专利组织，授权后的欧洲专利还需要选择在其覆盖的国家中进行注册登记，方可在具体的国家获得最终的权利。
引入的欧洲单一专利不是新的欧洲专利类型，而是专利在欧洲授权后，可以通过向欧洲专利局EPO提交单一专利请求，即可获得17 个加强合作国家的权利（后续将会覆盖到25个国家），无需去各个国家分别进行注册登记。欧洲专利局EPO 将会进行统一受理及其后续程序，比如年费等。
因此想要获取欧洲单一专利，仍需要经过申请，公布，审查，授权这些欧洲专利程序，且在单一专利开始时，方可进行请求。

02

覆盖国家

欧洲专利授权后，传统上可以选择在38个欧洲专利公约（EPC）成员国，2个延伸国和4个生效国内选择注册生效。
而新增的欧洲单一专利，已经批准协议并将在单一专利开始时参与的 17 个加强合作国家是：奥地利, 比利时, 保加利亚, 丹麦, 爱沙尼亚, 芬兰, 法国, 德国,意大利, 拉脱维亚, 立陶宛, 卢森堡, 马耳他, 荷兰, 葡萄牙, 斯洛文尼亚, 瑞典，（截止2022年5月）。预计后续将会覆盖25个欧盟国家（奥地利、比利时、保加利亚、塞浦路斯、捷克共和国、丹麦、爱沙尼亚、芬兰、法国、德国、希腊、匈牙利、爱尔兰、意大利、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、卢森堡，马耳他，荷兰，波兰，葡萄牙，罗马尼亚，斯洛伐克，斯洛文尼亚，瑞典。）。单一专利开始实施时，申请人在欧洲专利授权后即可通过提交单一专利请求，一键式在这些国家获取相应的权利。

03

费用

传统的生效方式，授权后，申请人如果想要办理各个国家的生效，需要向不同国家缴纳生效费用以完成生效。而作为单一专利，则无需向欧洲专利局支付官费。
年费：授权后，申请人需要向所选定的办理生效的各个国家每年缴纳年费。而单一专利授权后直接向欧专局缴纳年费。
如果生效国家较多，传统生效的欧洲专利在办理生效及年费维护方面费用较多，程序复杂，而单一专利则会简便很多。

04

启动时间

欧洲单一专利将于德国提交《统一专利法院协议》批准书起的第四个月首日正式生效。预计在2022年年底。
例如：如果德国于 2022 年 5 月 20 日交存其批准书，则 UPCA即单一专利将于 2022 年 9 月 1 日生效。

05

过渡措施

在德国提交统一专利法院协议批准书之后至欧洲单一专利制度正式生效之前的3-4个月时间内，欧专局引入两项过渡措施。
措施一：申请人可提前提出单一效力的请求；
申请人可以在单一专利制度启动前提交请求，如果满足单一专利登记要求（即满足欧洲专利局下发的授权通知要求时），那么欧专局将在单一专利制度启动时登记该专利单一效力。如不符合将通知申请人补正。
举个例子：
假设德国于 2022 年 5 月 20 日交存其对 UPCA 的批准书。在这种情况下，UPCA 将在交存后第四个月的第一天，即 2022 年 9 月 1 日生效。
在此示例中，假设申请人 A 于 2022 年 4 月 21 日收到欧洲专利局根据规则 71(3) EPC (IGRA) 发出的授权通知，这意味着申请人需要在2022 年 9 月 1 日之前满足规则 71(3) EPC 的要求（四个月加上规则 126(2) EPC 规定的 10 天）。若申请人 A 于 2022 年 8 月 3 日满足了规则 71(3) EPC 的要求，根据 EPO 的授权公告工作流程，这意味着该欧洲专利将于 2022 年 9 月 7 日在欧洲专利公报中公布。
申请人 A 将有资格在 2022 年 5 月 20 日（即德国交存批准书之日）提早提出单一效力请求，直至 2022 年 8 月 31 日临时申请期结束。然后，EPO 会审查其是否满足所有要求，若满足所有单一专利的要求，则会在专利授权公告后很快授权单一专利请求。
措施二：申请人可请求延迟发布授予欧洲专利的决定。
在过渡措施实施期间，申请人在收到授权缴费通知书后，办理完授权程序前，可以请求官方延迟发布授权公告。等单一专利制度正式实施后，便请求发布授权公告，从而提交申请单一专利的请求，避免错失获得单一专利的机会。
举个例子：
假设德国于 2022 年 5 月 20 日交存其对 UPCA 的批准书。在这种情况下，UPCA 将在交存后第四个月的第一天，即 2022 年 9 月 1 日生效。
在此示例中，申请人 B 于 2022 年 2 月 18 日收到根据规则 71(3) EPC (IGRA) 的授权通知，因此申请人需要在 2022 年 6 月 28 日之前满足规则 71(3) EPC 的要求。申请人 B可以在德国交存了UPCA协议的批准书时即 2022 年 5 月 20 日，立即提出请求延迟发布授权决定。当然申请人也可以等待规则 71(3) EPC 要求的四个月期限结束时提交延迟公告的请求。
如果 EPO 在适当的时候收到延迟授权的请求并且所有要求都得到满足，它将推迟该欧洲专利的授权公告，直到 2022 年 9 月 7 日（这是单一专利制度开始后的第一个公布日）进行公布。申请人 B 也可以在授权公告后的一个月内（即 2022 年 10 月 7 日）提交单一效力请求。或者，申请人可以在 2022 年 5 月 20 日至 2022 年 8 月 31 日（专利）期间提前提交单一效力请求。

06

总结

欧洲单一专利为申请人提供了更便利的选择，但最终是否选择单一专利，需要结合成本（单一专利覆盖17个国家甚至后续25个国家需要每年缴纳年费）及具体的产品市场来进行选择。
参考：
https://www.epo.org/applying/european/unitary.html

今日互动

目前欧洲单一专利制度尚未正式生效，但是对有需求的申请人提供了过渡措施，请问过渡措施是什么呢？

可在下方文章链接留言讨论~

关于欧洲单一专利，这些你需要了解！（含福利）

康信知识产权将在参与讨论的粉丝中随机抽取3位

每人赠送精美礼品一份哦

活动截止到9月1日18:00

快来参与吧~

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